A closure is said to occur when a nested function references a value in its enclosing scope. The whole point here is that it remembers the value.

>>> def A(x):

def B():

print(x)

return B

>>> A(7)()

7

An anonymous function is known as a lambda function. This function can have any number of parameters but, can have just one statement.

Example:

a = lambda x,y : x+y

print(a(5, 6))

Output: 11

Self is an instance or an object of a class. In Python, this is explicitly included as the first parameter. However, this is not the case in Java where it’s optional.  It helps to differentiate between the methods and attributes of a class with local variables.

The self variable in the init method refers to the newly created object while in other methods, it refers to the object whose method was called.

 [::-1] is used to reverse the order of an array or a sequence.

For example:

import array as arr

My_Array=arr.array('i',[1,2,3,4,5])

My_Array[::-1]

Output: array(‘i’, [5, 4, 3, 2, 1])

[::-1] reprints a reversed copy of ordered data structures such as an array or a list. the original array or list remains unchanged.

The // operator performs floor division. It will return the integer part of the result on division.

>>> 7//2

3

Normal division would return 3.5 here.

 

Similarly, ** performs exponentiation. a**b returns the value of a raised to the power b.

>>> 2**10

1024

​

Finally, % is for modulus. This gives us the value left after the highest achievable division.

>>> 13%7

6

>>> 3.5%1.5

0.5

This type of Python Interview Questions and Answers can decide your knowledge in Python. Answer the Python Interview Questions with some good Examples.

Here in Python, we have 7 kinds of operators: arithmetic, relational, assignment, logical, membership, identity, and bitwise.

We have seven arithmetic operators. These allow us to perform arithmetic operations on values:

1. Addition (+) This adds two values.

>>> 7+8

15

2. Subtraction (-) This subtracts the second value from the first.

>>> 7-8

-1

3. Multiplication (*) This multiplies two numbers.

>>> 7*8

56

4. Division (/) This divides the first value by the second.

>>> 7/8

0.875

>>> 1/1

1.0

For floor division, modulus, and exponentiation refer to the previous question.

Relational operators compare values.

1. Less than (<) If the value on the left is lesser, it returns True.

>>> 'hi'<'Hi'

False

2. Greater than (>) If the value on the left is greater, it returns True.

>>> 1.1+2.2>3.3

True
This is because of the flawed floating-point arithmetic in Python, due to hardware dependencies.

3. Less than or equal to (<=) If the value on the left is lesser than or equal to, it returns True.

>>> 3.0<=3

True

4. Greater than or equal to (>=) If the value on the left is greater than or equal to, it returns True.

>>> True>=False

True

5. Equal to (==) If the two values are equal, it returns True.

>>> {1,3,2,2}=={1,2,3}

True

6. Not equal to (!=) If the two values are unequal, it returns True.

>>> True!=0.1

True

>>> False!=0.1

True

This one is an Important Interview question in Python Interview.

We can combine all arithmetic operators with the assignment symbol.

>>> a=7

>>> a+=1

>>> a

8

>>> a-=1

>>> a

7

>>> a*=2

>>> a

14

>>> a/=2

>>> a

7.0

>>> a**=2

>>> a

49.0

>>> a//=3

>>> a

16.0

>>> a%=4

>>> a

0.0

We have three logical operators- and, or, not.

>>> False and True

False

>>> 7<7 or True

True

>>> not 2==2

False

With the operators ‘in’ and ‘not in’, we can confirm if a value is a member in another.

>>> 'me' in 'disappointment'

True

>>> 'us' not in 'disappointment'

True