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RFE Radio Fernsehen Elektronik Magazin Full Year Edition 1986l
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In 1953, the German Democratic Republic (GDR) nationalized RFE, using the network as a tool of propaganda. In May, the RFE staff moved to Dresden and began to broadcast to Czechoslovakia over the Eastern bloc's new national radio service. Link to Wikipedia Page for RFE
In addition to providing the exiles with a signal for home listening, RFE provided the same service to many families in the West who were unable to receive it with their own receivers. The network was not without its flaws, however. The frequencies allocated to the Czechoslovak radio service were not as exclusive as those allotted to the other networks, meaning that many Czechoslovak radio listeners received the service at the same time that RFE did. Although this provided some protection to the exiles, the interference was far from perfect. This problem was compounded by the fact that Czechoslovak radio operated on nearly identical frequencies to other networks. As a result, many Czechoslovak listeners either had to listen to RFE or switch to other networks. Another problem that RFE faced was the fact that due to the Hungarian occupation of western Czechoslovakia, most of the Czechoslovak audience was located in Austria. The Hungarian authorities, however, were unwilling to grant RFE an exclusive license to transmit to Austria, claiming that it was not a sufficient number of listeners.
The first major challenge facing RFE/RL was to find common ground between the Eastern and Western wings of the organization. The radicals in the ISK threatened to disband the organization if it did not drop its pro-West orientation, and there was a serious threat that the Eastern bloc would cut off the radio’s supply of rations.[27] This threat was largely contained by the end of 1952, but at the same time significant differences in worldview and experience had become apparent between the two wings. The East emphasized the need for active resistance to the Soviet Union, while the West emphasized the need to encourage a democratic environment in which the people could lead their own lives.
In 1953, NCFE's homeland service was inaugurated and the next year RFE brought its Dutch language service into service. NCFE began to outpace RFE in popularity among exiles. By 1960, RFE's foreign service was severely understaffed with only eight full-time journalists and two part-time journalists. NCFE had ten full-time journalists and six part-time journalists on staff.
In February 1960, the FCC consented to amend its regulations to permit RFE to broadcast in Russian. However, in that same year, the Soviet Union reaffirmed the ban on RFE. By 1963, NCFE was also broadcasting in Russian, then the language of the greatest number of exile groups.[27] By 1965, RFE had some 70 bureaus around the world, with many in East Germany. The service produced 15-minute excerpts of news in Russian for the local channels. There were three times as many bureaus in the Soviet Union as there were bureaus in Western Europe. 827ec27edc